Migration and trapping

From OOGEEP

Porous rocks, such as sandstone and limestone, contain hair-size spaces that can hold natural gas, oil, and water, like a sponge. Non-porous rocks, such as granite, do not have spaces. After oil and natural gas are formed, they tend to migrate upward through the rock layers because they are lighter than water. The ability of liquids and gases to move through passageways in porous rocks is called permeability. When the migrating fluids reach a non-permeable layer of rock, such as shale, they can travel no further and become trapped.

Contents 1 Career connection 2 Facts 3 Graphic organizers 3.1 Directions 4 National standards 5 Resources 5.1 Web links 6 Printable documents

[edit] Career connection

When it comes to oil and gas, rocks tell the story. Before a well is ever drilled, much time must be spent studying geological data and building maps that show the best spots to drill for oil and natural gas. As a petroleum geologist, you will study how subsurface rock layers were formed and learn the clues that will help you locate these underground treasures.

[edit] Facts

True or false?

On average, only 10-20% of this oil can be recovered because it adheres tightly to the sand grains.

[edit] Graphic organizers

A vocabulary book can organize the definitions and information about the physical properties of oil and water such as: color, odor, weight (mass), density, melting point, freezing point, and boiling point.

[edit] Directions

1. Take two sheets of paper (8 1/2 x 11) and fold each sheet like a hot dog.
2. Fold each hot dog in half like a hamburger. Fold the hamburger in half two more times and crease well. Open up the fold, and the sheet of paper can be divided into sixteenths.
3. On one side only, cut up the folds to the mountain top, forming eight tabs. Repeat this process on the second fold.
4. Take a sheet of construction paper and fold like a hot dog. Glue the solid back side of one vocabulary sheet to one of theinside sections of the construction paper. Glue the second sheet to the other side of the construction paper.

[edit] National standards

• Physical science
  • Explore structure and properties of matter
  • Explore the laws of motion and the effects of forces on motion
  • Understand gravitational force
• Earth and space science
  • Explore movement of matter between reservoirs
• Inquiry science
  • Formulate scientific explanations and models using logic and evidence
  • Conduct investigations and record data

[edit] Resources

[edit] Web links

• American Petroleum Institute
• Trapping mechanisms

[edit] Printable documents

• Migration and trapping experiment 1: Shaking it up
• Migration and trapping experiment 2: Absorbing rocks
• Migration and trapping experiment 3: Getting physical with oil
• Core sampling
• Porosity

The roadmap
preceded by Formation	Migration and trapping	followed by Exploring